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Titanium dioxide
Time:2009-1-5 14:42:57 | Publish:admin | Hits:0
Titanium dioxide
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Titanium dioxide, also known as titanium(IV) oxide or titania, is the naturally occurring oxide of titanium, chemical formula TiO2. When used as a pigment, it is called titanium white, Pigment White 6, or CI 77891. It is noteworthy for its wide range of applications, from paint to sunscreen to food colouring when it is given the E number E171.
Occurrence
Titanium dioxide occurs in nature as the well-known naturally occurring minerals rutile, anatase and brookite, additionally two high pressure forms, the monoclinic baddeleyite form and the orthorhombic α-PbO2 form have been found at the Ries crater in Bavaria. [1][2] The most common form is rutile[3], which is also the most stable form. Anatase and brookite both convert to rutile upon heating.[3] Rutile, anatase and brookite all contain six coordinate titanium. Additionally there are three metastable forms produced synthetically and five high pressure forms:
| Form | Crystal system | Synthesis |
|---|---|---|
| rutile | tetragonal | |
| anatase | tetragonal | |
| brookite | orthorhombic | |
| TiO2(B)[4] | monoclinic | Hydrolysis of K2Ti4O9 followed by heating |
| TiO2(H), hollandite form [5] | tetragonal | Oxidation of the related potassium titanate bronze, K0.25TiO2 |
| TiO2(R), ramsdellite form [6] | orthorhombic | Oxidation of the related lithium titanate bronze Li0.5TiO2 |
| TiO2(II)-(α-PbO2 form) [7] | orthorhombic | |
| baddeleyite form, (7 coordinate Ti)[8] | monoclinic | |
| TiO2 -OI[9] | orthorhombic | |
| cubic form [10] | cubic | |
| TiO2 -OII, cotunnite, PbCl2[11] | orthorhombic |
The naturally occurring oxides can be mined and serve as a source for commercial titanium. The metal can also be mined from other minerals such as ilmenite or leucoxene ores, or one of the purest forms, rutile beach sand. Star sapphires and rubies get their asterism from rutile impurities present in them.[12]
Spectral lines from titanium oxide are prominent in class M stars, which are cool enough to allow molecules of this chemical to form. Titanium Dioxide can be found in most of the leading skin/face products.
[edit] Production
Crude titanium dioxide is purified via titanium tetrachloride in the chloride process. In this process, the crude ore (containing at least 90% TiO2) is reduced with carbon, oxidized with chlorine to give titanium tetrachloride. This titanium tetrachloride is distilled, and re-oxidized with oxygen to give pure titanium dioxide.[13]
Another widely used process utilizes ilmenite as the titanium dioxide source, which is digested in sulfuric acid. The by-product iron(II) sulfate is crystallized and filtered-off to yield only the titanium salt in the digestion solution, which is processed further to give pure titanium dioxide. Another method for upgrading ilmenite is called the Becher Process.
[edit] Applications
Titanium dioxide is the most widely used white pigment because of its brightness and very high refractive index (n=2.7), in which it is surpassed only by a few other materials. Approximately 4 million tons of pigmentary TiO2 are consumed annually worldwide. When deposited as a thin film, its refractive index and colour make it an excellent reflective optical coating for dielectric mirrors and some gemstones, for example "mystic fire topaz". TiO2 is also an effective opacifier in powder form, where it is employed as a pigment to provide whiteness and opacity to products such as paints, coatings, plastics, papers, inks, foods, medicines (i.e. pills and tablets) as well as most toothpastes. Opacity is improved by optimal sizing of the titanium dioxide particles.
Used as a white food colouring, it has E number E171. Titanium dioxide is often used to whiten skim milk; this has been shown statistically to increase skim milk's palatability.[14]
In cosmetic and skin care products, titanium dioxide is used both as a pigment and a thickener. It is also used as a tattoo pigment and styptic pencils.
This pigment is used extensively in plastics and other applications for its UV resistant properties where it acts as a UV absorber, efficiently transforming destructive UV light energy into heat.
In ceramic glazes titanium dioxide acts as an opacifier and seeds crystal formation.
In almost every sunscreen with a physical blocker, titanium dioxide is found because of its high refractive index, its strong UV light absorbing capabilities and its resistance to discolouration under ultraviolet light. This advantage enhances its stability and ability to protect the skin from ultraviolet light. Sunscreens designed for infants or people with sensitive skin are often based on titanium dioxide and/or zinc oxide, as these mineral UV blockers are less likely to cause skin irritation than chemical UV absorber ingredients, such as avobenzone.
Titanium oxide is also used as a semiconductor.[15]
[edit] As a photocatalyst
Titanium dioxide, particularly in the anatase form, is a photocatalyst under ultraviolet light. Recently it has been found that titanium dioxide, when spiked with nitrogen ions, or doped with metal oxide like tungsten trioxide, is also a photocatalyst under visible and UV light. The strong oxidative potential of the positive holes oxidizes water to create hydroxyl radicals. It can also oxidize oxygen or organic materials directly. Titanium dioxide is thus added to paints, cements, windows, tiles, or other products for sterilizing, deodorizing and anti-fouling properties and is also used as a hydrolysis catalyst. It is also used in the Graetzel cell, a type of chemical solar cell.
The photocatalytic properties of titanium dioxide were discovered by Akira Fujishima in 1972 [16]. The process on the surface of the titanium dioxide was called the Honda-Fujishima effect [17].
Titanium dioxide has potential for use in energy production: as a photocatalyst, it can
- carry out hydrolysis; i.e., break water into hydrogen and oxygen. Were the hydrogen collected, it could be used as a fuel. The efficiency of this process can be greatly improved by doping the oxide with carbon, as described in "Carbon-doped titanium dioxide is an effective photocatalyst" [18].
- produce electricity when in nanoparticle form. Research suggests that by using these nanoparticles to form the pixels of a screen, they generate electricity when transparent and under the influence of light. If subjected to electricity on the other hand, the nanoparticles blacken, forming the basic characteristics of a LCD screen. According to creator Zoran Radivojevic, Nokia has already built a functional 200-by-200-pixel monochromatic screen which is energetically self-sufficient.
In 1995 the Research Institute of Toto Ltd. discovered the superhydrophilicity phenomenon for glass coated with titanium dioxide and exposed to sun light. A discovery by Professor Fujishima and his group [17] This resulted in the development of self-cleaning glass and anti-fogging coatings.
TiO2 incorporated into outdoor building materials, such as paving stones in noxer blocks or paints, can substantially reduce concentrations of airborne pollutants such as volatile organic compounds and nitrogen oxides [19].
A photocatalytic cement that uses titanium dioxide as a primary component was included in Time's Top 50 Inventions of 2008 [20].
[edit] For wastewater remediation
TiO2 offers great potential as an industrial technology for detoxification or remediation of wastewater due to several factors.
- The process occurs under ambient conditions very slowly, direct UV light exposure increases the rate of reaction.
- The formation of photocyclized intermediate products, unlike direct photolysis techniques, is avoided.
- Oxidation of the substrates to CO2 is complete.
- The photocatalyst is inexpensive and has a high turnover.
- TiO2 can be supported on suitable reactor substrates.
[edit] Other applications
It is also used in resistance-type lambda probes (a type of oxygen sensor).
Titanium dioxide is what allows osseointegration between an artificial medical implant and bone.
Titanium dioxide in solution or suspension can be used to cleave protein that contains the amino acid proline at the site where proline is present. This breakthrough in cost-effective protein splitting took place at Arizona State University in 2006.[21]
Titanium dioxide on silica is being developed as a form of odor control in cat litter. The purchased photocatalyst is vastly cheaper than the purchased silica beads, per usage, and prolongs their effective odor-eliminating life substantially.
Titanium dioxide is also used as a material in the memristor, a new electronic circuit element.
It can be employed for solar energy conversion based on dye, polymer, or quantum dot sensitized nanocrystalline TiO2 solar cells using conjugated polymers as solid electrolytes[22] .
It has also been recently incorporated as a photocatalyst into dental bleaching products. It allows the use of decreased concentrations of hydrogen peroxide in the bleaching agent, thus claimed to achieve similar bleaching effects with less side effects (e.g.:transient sensitivity, change in tooth surface topography, etc ...)
[edit] Historical uses
The Vinland map, the map of America ("Vinland") that was allegedly drawn during mid-15th century based on data from the Viking Age, has been declared a forgery on the basis that its ink contains traces of the TiO2-form anatase; TiO2 was not synthetically produced before the 1920s. In 1992, a counter-claim was made that the compound can be formed from ancient ink.[citation needed]
Titanium dioxide white paint was used to paint the Saturn V rocket, which is so far the only rocket that has sent astronauts to the moon. In 2002, a spectral analysis of J002E3, a celestial object, showed that it had titanium dioxide on it, giving evidence it may be a Saturn V S-IVB.
[edit] See also
- Noxer, a building material incorporating TiO2.
- Timeline of hydrogen technologies
[edit] Toxicology
Titanium dioxide dust, when inhaled, has recently been classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) as an IARC Group 2B carcinogen possibly carcinogenic to humans.[23] Titanium dioxide accounts for 70% of the total production volume of pigments worldwide. It is widely used to provide whiteness and opacity to products such as paints, plastics, papers, inks, foods, and toothpastes. It is also used in cosmetic and skin care products, and it is present in almost every sunblock, where it helps protect the skin from ultraviolet light.
With such widespread use of titanium dioxide, it is important to understand that the IARC conclusions are based on very specific evidence. This evidence showed that high concentrations of pigment-grade (powdered) and ultrafine titanium dioxide dust caused respiratory tract cancer in rats exposed by inhalation and intratracheal instillation[24]. The series of biological events or steps that produce the rat lung cancers (e.g. particle deposition, impaired lung clearance, cell injury, fibrosis, mutations and ultimately cancer) have also been seen in people working in dusty environments. Therefore, the observations of cancer in animals were considered, by IARC, as relevant to people doing jobs with exposures to titanium dioxide dust. For example, titanium dioxide production workers may be exposed to high dust concentrations during packing, milling, site cleaning and maintenance, if there are insufficient dust control measures in place. However, it should be noted that the human studies conducted so far do not suggest an association between occupational exposure to titanium dioxide and an increased risk for cancer.
The Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System (WHMIS) is Canada's hazard communication standard. The WHMIS Controlled Products Regulations require that chemicals, listed in Group 1 or Group 2 in the IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of the Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Humans, be classified under WHMIS Class D2A (carcinogenic). The classification decision on titanium dioxide has been published on the IARC website and in a summary article published in The Lancet.
Representatives from Health Canada (National Office of WHMIS) recently consulted with the Quebec CSST and CCOHS (the two main agencies providing WHMIS classifications to the public) regarding the implications of the IARC decision to the WHMIS classification of titanium dioxide. It was agreed that titanium dioxide does now meet the criteria for WHMIS D2A (carcinogen) based on the information released by IARC to date, and that it is not necessary to wait for release of the full monograph.
Manufacturers and suppliers of titanium dioxide are advised to review and update their material safety data sheets and product labels based on this new information as soon as possible. Employers should review their occupational hygiene programs to ensure that exposure to titanium dioxide dust is eliminated or reduced to the minimum possible. Workers should be educated concerning this potential newly recognized risk to their health and trained in proper work procedures.
Detail
Mica/Titanium Dioxide Pigment Application - US Patent 6942851 - Composition for the treatment of human hair
Time:2009-1-5 14:40:23 | Publish:admin | Hits:0
Description
The background of the invention
The present invention relates to the composition for the treatment of human hair to provide it with improved performance, particularly in wet and dry combing, and enhance gloss, and has not been fully agencies, as well as the free movement of good to be held at the same time to exert better protection of the environment in particular.
Writing conditions, human hair has been known for a long time. They usually contain quaternary ammonium compounds bear at least one long chain alkyl or alkenyl group, and was also Selective polymer.
Such components to be used or distributed water emulsion, emulsion, gel or aerosol packaging they be used as a hair rinse agent, such as the treatment of synthesis known treatment of hair products and the composition of which can be found in the Journal of the Optical Schrader, "and on the basis of Rezepturen cosmetic", 2nd ed. , (1989), pages 722-781, especially pages 728-737.
However, these ingredients are known to still be improved.
Has been found that the composition of the application of the treatment of hair and hair can provide improved performance, particularly in strengthening the clear effect of volume, more convenient wet and dry combing, as well as prominent non-gloss, full, free flow of texture and good hold, as well as protection against Negative impacts on the environment, if the composition of the water on the basis of at least one mica / titanium dioxide pigment, in which at least 90% of the size range of 10-250 microns, and at least one of the substance of the UV absorption.
Summary of invention
This is best applied to the composition of hair, hair cleansing, after the casual directly to the stain or permanent waving treatment, hair is not the best massage to be removed later.
Components, so-called "fake" products, in various so-called "red clearance" of the product, which is from the rinse hair after a brief period of treatment.
A detailed description of the preferred embodiment
For Mica / titanium dioxide pigment is the best compostions for the treatment of hair in accordance with the invention of the amount of about 0.05%, 10%, in particular, the competition 0.1 percent, to about 5% of the weight, referring to the total composition. They are known to itself, for example, the name of "Timiron ®".
90% of the particles with a diameter in the range of 10-250 microns, preferably about 80% between 20 and 150 microns.
UV-absorbing material for the best water-soluble UV absorber, but the oil-soluble UV absorber, basically suitable.
UV-absorbing material is the best choice of at least the following compounds:
4 - acid and salts and esters, 2 - phenyl-imidazole - 5 - acid and alkali, salt-, 4 - dimethyl-amino benzoic acid and salts and esters, cinnamic acid And salts and esters, 4 - methicillin-acid salts and esters and the lack of salicylic acid and salts and esters, 2.4 - Second-benzophenone, 2.2 '.4.4' four - Benzophenone, 2 - hydroxy - 4 - and 5 methicillin-acid or sodium salt of which, 2.2 - dihydroxy - 4.4 - dimethoxybenzophenone, 2 - hydroxy - 5 - chlorine, 2.2 - dihydroxy - 4 - methicillin, 2.2 - Dihydroxy - 4.4 - dimethyl 5.5 'disulfobenzophenone or sodium, 2 hydroxy - 4 - octyloxybenzophenone, 2 - hydroxy - 4 - methoxy4' - methylbenzophenone, 3 benzylidenecampher, 3 - (4 '- acid) b enzylidenebornane-2 - 1 and salt, and / or 3 - (4 '- methyl-benzyl) - DL-campher.
The first choice of the amount of UV ranging from 0.5% to 2.5%, preferably from 0.1% to 1% by weight of the total composition.
In addition, according to the composition of the invention contains further hair conditioner.
For the hair-conditioning polymer is usually present in the ingredients used in the invention based on the amount of about 0.25 to 15% or so, in particular 0.5% to about 10% of the best of about 0.75 to 7.5 percent of the weight, referring to the total group Cheng. These, for example, cationic surfactant, in particular quaternary ammonium compounds.
Suitable for long-chain quaternary ammonium compounds can be used alone or mixed, for example, cetyltrimethylammonium chloride, ammonium chloride dicetyl II, Cetyltrimethyl ammonium chloride Shiba San, the stearin Chloride, Tetradecyl chloride ammonium chloride, ammonium chloride resin dihydrogenated II, dodecyl chloride, pyridine, alkyl chloride, behenyl the top three Ammonium chloride, dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride, three (oligooxyethyl) alkyl ammonium phosphate, chloride and so on CPB
Quaternary ammonium salt is suitable for disclosure in the EP - A 472 107.
Basically, quaternary ammonium compounds are suitable as a generic name "Quaternium" effective version of the CTFA's International Dictionary of Cosmetic ingredients.
They are the best ratio from 0.5% to 10%, in particular, about 1%, 7.5% by weight of the total composition.
In particular, suitable for long-chain ammonium compounds esterquats is the general formula (I) # # # # STR1
In which R1 and R2-selective position to replace the C8 - C22 - alkyl or alkenyl group, R3 and R4 that the C1 - C3-alkyl or a group - methyl - methyl - O-[13,224] Chinese And the x, y and z on behalf of the 0-5 and Y - that anion.
I like complex formula within the scope of the invention is a group, R1 and R2 each station or group of 12 oil - C18 analysis of the alkyl group, the group claims R3 and R4 methyl group is a methyl group - Methyl - O-[13224] ž - H standard.
Y anion-halide is the best, such as chlorine or bromine, lower alkyl sulfate, for example, methosulfate and ethosulfate, or alkyl phosphate, but of course it can also use other groups.
These compounds are known to itself, and in the market, for example, under the trade name "Schercoquat ®", "Dehyquart ® F30" and "Tetranyl ®".
The use of these compounds, so-called "esterquats", in hair care ingredients are known and described in itself, for example, in a fertile 93/107 48, 92/068 Wo-Wo 99 and a 166 per 94 77, but no mention is made in accordance with the invention and the combination of a favorable nature.
Amidoquats also for the general formula STR2 # # # #
R1 and R2 each of which stands for selective-to replace the C8 - C22 - alkyl or alkenyl group, R3 and R4 that the C1 - C3-alkyl or a group - methyl - methyl - O-[13224 ] × - H technology, on behalf of the x and 0-5, and Y - that anion
Group recommended R1 and R2 is 12 - C18 - alkyl and oil group, the group is a methyl group of R3 and R4 is a group - methyl - oxygen-[13224] × - H technology, which is x 0 to 3; Y-is the best method of sulfuric acid, diethyl sulfate, chloride, or phosphate anion.
These compounds, known as itself and the market, for example, under the trade name "INCROQUAT ® members" or "contact network."
Also suitable for hair conditioning synthetic material or natural hair conditioning polymers, the best level from 0.1% to 10%, in particular, is 0.25% to 5% of the weight of the total composition.
In particular, is the preferred cation (the company) polymer CTFA know the name of "Polyquaternium", but it may also be nonionic, anionic and / or gender polymers, for example, those types of "Amphomer ®" alone or in mixed . Additional hair-conditioning is a fat-soluble substance, that is oily and fatty substances, including wax. These are especially natural oils, such as avocado oil, coconut oil, palm oil, sesame oil, peanut oil, whale oil, sunflower oil, almond oil, peach kernel oil, wheat germ oil, macadamia nut oil, evening primrose oil in the evening, Jojoba oil, castor oil, or olive oil, soybean oil, and lanolin derivatives, as well as mineral oil such as paraffin oil and vaseline
Synthetic oil and wax, for example, organic silicone oil, polyethylenegycols such as the right to further hydrophobic components particularly fatty alcohol, especially those about 8-22 carbon atoms in the molecule, such as fourteen, sixteen, eighteen alcohol, wax Fatty alcohols and esters, such as isopropyl alcohol, palmitic acid, stearic acid and isostearate, oleic acid oil, isocetyl stearic acid, lauric acid ester has been, dibutyl adipate, adipic acid Sim, 14 cardamom, oil erucate, polyethylene glycol and polyglyceryl fatty acid ester, such as polyethylene glycol - 7 - glycerol cocoate, such as cetyl palmitate
In accordance with the use of the composition of the invention, the hydrophobic is the best part of the total amount from about 0.5 to 15 percent or so, in particular, about 1-10 percent, especially about 1.5% to 7.5% by weight To the total composition.
A special favorite part of the invention is based on the composition of green tea extract.
This tea extract from the leaves, stem and leaf buds of tender tea bush, Camellia sinensis, or tea, water or alcohol extract water and then spray drying.
In a different black tea, green tea is a non-fermented products from the al-Assam tea or species.
An overview of biological and pharmacological effects of green tea and ingredients can be found, for example, in a by A. Pistorius, "Seifen - Ole - Feith, Wachse Journal", vol 122. ,第一千九百九十六分之七, pages 468-471, of which referred to.
Green tea extract the contents of the variable component is based on the invention. It is the best range from 0.01% to 10%, preferably 0.05% to 5%, especially 0.25 percent, and 22.5 percent by weight of the total composition and full of powder extracts.
Also suitable for hair conditioning additives ceramide of the general formula STR3 # # # #
R1 and R2 in which the same or different or alkyl-based group from 10 to 22 carbon atoms, R3 is hydrogen or methyl, ethyl, n-propyl or isopropyl group, R4 is hydrogen, a hydroxymethyl Base, OH, or dihydroxyethyl dihydroxypropyl group, n is a number from 1-6, in particular the types of disclosure of EP 227 994 A1 and a fertile 96/37 462, but other ceramide, for example, the disclosure of a fertile 97/15724 or EP 647 617 B1 are also suitable.
R1 and R2 preferred group is 12 - C18 analysis of the alkyl group; n is a number from 1 to 3, R3 of the best hydrogen or methyl group, and R4 is a hydrogen or dihydroxypropyl group.
In particular, is the first choice of compounds, of which R1 is a 12, C24 car - alkyl group, in particular, C13H27 - alkyl group, R2 is a C14C18 - alkyl group, in particular, C16H33 - alkyl group, R3 is a Based group, R4 is a # # STR4 # #
Group, n is 3 o'clock, or a compound in which R1 is C15, C31 - alkyl group, R2 idea C16H33 - alkyl group, R3 and R4 each station n behalf of the hydrogen atom and 2.
Less than the amount included in the composition of the hair treatment based on the use of the invention of an effective range from 0.01% to 10%, preferably from about 0.05 to 7.5 percent, especially from about 0.1% to 5% weight, to calculate the total group Cheng.
Additional hair conditioner is suitable for water-insoluble vitamins and derivatives, for example, vitamin E and esters, such as vitamin E acetate, propionate, such as palm
In addition the type and quantity of additives, which depends on the application form, is a fat, fatty alcohols, emulsifying agent, pH value, regulants, solvents and refiner, solubilizers, preservatives, spices, etc.
According to the composition of the invention can also contain surfactants.
Useful, as surfactants in particular non-ionic.
In particular, is the first choice of nonionic surfactant is a well-known C8 - C18 analysis of the APG, in particular, the degree of polymerization of 1.2 to 3, especially those in general formula
R is an alkyl of which 8 to 18 carbon atoms, R1 is an ethylene or propylene group is a group of sugar from 5 to 6 carbon atoms, n is a number from 0 to 10, x is between 1 and 2.5, the amount of from 1% to 10%, in particular 2.5% to 7.5% by weight of the total composition.
In addition, other useful nonionic surfactant, for example, a variety of sorbitan esters, such as polyethylene glycol sorbitan stearate, polyethylene glycol fatty acid ester or mixed condensate also ethyleneoxide and propyleneoxide, Because they are in the market, for example, under the trade name of "PluronicsR".
In particular, is suitable for surfactant is a gender and / or gender-ion surfactant amount of about 0.5 to 15 percent or so, preferably about 1%, 5%, by weight, of the total composition.
Useful, particularly because it is known betaines in a variety of fatty acids, such as amidoalkyl betaines and sulfobetaines; such as alkyl-sulfobetaine; alkyl long chain of amino acids, such as cocoaminoacetate, cocoaminopropionate and cocoamphopropionate sodium acetate and has been confirmed fit.
Details can be betaines structure STR5 # # # #
R is one of C8 - C18 analysis of the alkyl group and n is 1-3
sulfobetaines structure STR6 # # # #
N-alkyl betaines of the general formula STR7 # # # #
R is one of C8 - C18 analysis of the alkyl group and n is 1-3.
In addition to these substances in particular to improve the protection and regulation of product performance.
In addition, or in designated gender or gender-ionic surfactant, hair-conditioning components may contain at least one of the twelve, C18 analysis of alkyl dimethyl amidopropyl or second and third, for example, stearin, oil or dimethyl-propyl cocoamido Amines.
In which the proportion of from 0.1% to 10%, the best is 0.25% to 5% of the weight of the total composition.
Another choice for the part of the composition of the invention based on plant extracts about the amount of 0.01%, 10%, preferably 0.05 to 7.5%, in particular 0.1% to 5% weight to the calculation of dry Jardine In this component of the total.
Appropriate water (such as steam distilled) water or alcohol alcoholic extracts of plants known to itself, especially the leaf extract, fruit, flowers, roots, stems and rinds or aloe, pineapple, artichoke, gold car, avocado, valerian , Bamboo, Hyoscyamus niger, the white birch, stinging nettles, echinacea, ivy, wild angelica, gentian, ferns, pine needles, silver grass, ginseng, broom, oats, fruit rose, Hamamelis, Hay flowers, elder, jumping, coltsfoot, raisins, chamomile, carrots, chestnuts, clover, burr root, coconut, cornflower, lime flowers, lily of the valley, marine algae, lipstick, mistletoe, passion fruit, ratanhia, marigold, rosemary, chestnut, pink hawthorn, sage, the cauda equina, yarrow, evening primrose, nettle, thyme, walnuts, wine leaves, white hawthorn, and other appropriate trade Products such as "Extrapon ®" products, "HerbasolR", "SedaplantR" and "HexaplantR". Extracts and preparations also "Hagers manual pharmazeutischen practice", 4.
Hair treatment based on the use of components of the invention is the best water or water-alcoholic solution, water emulsion, microemulsion, scattered or non-transparent or translucent gel that can be used as aerosol packaging products. This composition and preparation of the people is known, does not need further explanation.
In the pH value of the ingredients used in accordance with the invention is not important, it can be the best between about 3 and 8; in particular between 4 and 6.5.
Viscosity is also in the general scope and nature is dependent on the composition of the relevant application forms.
The following examples illustrate the invention:
Example 1
A "sham" treatment of the composition of the preparation are as follows:
Stearyl alcohol 16 2.5 (% of the weight.) Isopropyl cardamom 0.2 Stearamidopropyl dimethyl 0.6-diphenyl-imidazole - 5 - acid 0.3 spices 0.1 lactate 0.3 green tea extract 0.5 preservatives 0.3 Mica/Ti02-Pigment ( Timiron ® Diamond Cluster 0.5; the average size: 90% of 20-150 microns) pH value: 4.5 ~ 100.0 water ad
The following is a blind trial carried out minor damage to the hair:
Wash your hair after the shampoo habit, according to a an example of the above, the massage is divided into 5 shares of wet hair.
The fifth is to further treatment chain in the same manner as with the composition 1A, the same as the composition 1, but does not contain pigment particles.
Barber evaluation of each of the two bundles of hair before and after drying according to preference.
Preferred outcome of the composition of a component of a section 1A) of wet hair 4 the feeling of hair (silky, soft, smooth) 1 (soft, slippery) wet combing 5 (very good) 0 (good) b) dry hair volume, The text on April 1, held its 4 day 4 1 luster human stem carding 5 (very good) 0 (good) 5 texture (silky, soft, smooth 0 (more difficult, both ends of the rough) from the grass-roots level to the end)
The results show that surprising based on the superiority of the composition of the invention.
The paper seems to be divided more deeply, chain has been exposed to ultraviolet radiation of 24 hours.
Example 2
1.2 - 2.00 propylene glycol (% of the weight.) Carbomer ® ETD 2020 (acrylic / 0.50 C10, C20 - alkyl acrylate crosspolymer) Cocoamidopropyl betaine 1.00 ethanol 17.50 polyether 9 0.70 PEG - 60 hydrogenated castor oil 0.50 sodium hydroxide (32%) 0.25 spices 0.10 PEG -25 acid 0.80 almond oil 2.00 Mica/TiO2-pigment (Timiron ® Diamond Cluster 0.60; 90%, with an average size from 20 To 150 microns) water ad 100.0 pH value: 6.0 ~
Similar products that improve the performance of hair products is in accordance with an example.
Example 3
A gel form of composition is as follows:
Tocopheryl acetate 0.5 (% of the weight.) Mica/TiO2-pigment (Timiron ® Gleamer scales; 0.5 average size: 90% of 20-100 microns) Carbomer ® ETD 2001 year (carbomer) 0.5 ethanol 11.0 Vinylpyrrolidone / vinyl acetate copolymer 5.5 (Luviskol ® Virginia 551) Alaninol 0.4 Cocoamidopropyl betaine 1.0 PEG - 60 hydrogenated castor oil 0.4 green tea extract 0.4 spices 0.3 benzophenone - 4 0.3 preservatives 0.3 pH value: 6.8 ~ 100.0 water ad
Lead to an excellent hair conditioning and the protection of the impact of very light massage, fresh washing hair.
Example 4
Aleutian treatment:
Cetearyl alcohol 3.00 isopropyl palmitate 0.20 sphingolipids é 0.10 Quaternium - 80 0.10 Mica/TiO2-pigment (Timiron ® Diamond Cluster; 0.15 average size: 20 and 150 microns) green tea extract 0.05 benzophenone - 4 0.10 Cocoamidopropyl dimethyl amine 0.60 lactic acid 0.35 preservative 0.45 perfume oil 0.20 Ceteareth - 20 0.40 water ad 100.00
Application on half of the hair shampooed test 8 under in the first half.
The same component (4A), in which, however, cocoamidopropyl dimethyl amine and benzophenone - 4, replaced by water, is to massage the other half of the hair.
After 10 minutes, while dealing with the hair for two experienced barber, that is, both the barber shop, and no one knows the test hair and a half has completed the processing of products (double-blind).
The results show the following:
No. 4 composition 4 equal better performance and better wet hair combed 5 2 1 body, 6 1 1 soft, dry hair comb 6 1 1 institutions 6 1 1 soft 5 2 1 Volume 5 2 1 gloss 5 2 1
The present invention relates to the composition for the treatment of human hair to provide it with improved performance, particularly in wet and dry combing, and enhance gloss, and has not been fully agencies, as well as the free movement of good to be held at the same time to exert better protection of the environment in particular.
Writing conditions, human hair has been known for a long time. They usually contain quaternary ammonium compounds bear at least one long chain alkyl or alkenyl group, and was also Selective polymer.
Such components to be used or distributed water emulsion, emulsion, gel or aerosol packaging they be used as a hair rinse agent, such as the treatment of synthesis known treatment of hair products and the composition of which can be found in the Journal of the Optical Schrader, "and on the basis of Rezepturen cosmetic", 2nd ed. , (1989), pages 722-781, especially pages 728-737.
However, these ingredients are known to still be improved.
Has been found that the composition of the application of the treatment of hair and hair can provide improved performance, particularly in strengthening the clear effect of volume, more convenient wet and dry combing, as well as prominent non-gloss, full, free flow of texture and good hold, as well as protection against Negative impacts on the environment, if the composition of the water on the basis of at least one mica / titanium dioxide pigment, in which at least 90% of the size range of 10-250 microns, and at least one of the substance of the UV absorption.
Summary of invention
This is best applied to the composition of hair, hair cleansing, after the casual directly to the stain or permanent waving treatment, hair is not the best massage to be removed later.
Components, so-called "fake" products, in various so-called "red clearance" of the product, which is from the rinse hair after a brief period of treatment.
A detailed description of the preferred embodiment
For Mica / titanium dioxide pigment is the best compostions for the treatment of hair in accordance with the invention of the amount of about 0.05%, 10%, in particular, the competition 0.1 percent, to about 5% of the weight, referring to the total composition. They are known to itself, for example, the name of "Timiron ®".
90% of the particles with a diameter in the range of 10-250 microns, preferably about 80% between 20 and 150 microns.
UV-absorbing material for the best water-soluble UV absorber, but the oil-soluble UV absorber, basically suitable.
UV-absorbing material is the best choice of at least the following compounds:
4 - acid and salts and esters, 2 - phenyl-imidazole - 5 - acid and alkali, salt-, 4 - dimethyl-amino benzoic acid and salts and esters, cinnamic acid And salts and esters, 4 - methicillin-acid salts and esters and the lack of salicylic acid and salts and esters, 2.4 - Second-benzophenone, 2.2 '.4.4' four - Benzophenone, 2 - hydroxy - 4 - and 5 methicillin-acid or sodium salt of which, 2.2 - dihydroxy - 4.4 - dimethoxybenzophenone, 2 - hydroxy - 5 - chlorine, 2.2 - dihydroxy - 4 - methicillin, 2.2 - Dihydroxy - 4.4 - dimethyl 5.5 'disulfobenzophenone or sodium, 2 hydroxy - 4 - octyloxybenzophenone, 2 - hydroxy - 4 - methoxy4' - methylbenzophenone, 3 benzylidenecampher, 3 - (4 '- acid) b enzylidenebornane-2 - 1 and salt, and / or 3 - (4 '- methyl-benzyl) - DL-campher.
The first choice of the amount of UV ranging from 0.5% to 2.5%, preferably from 0.1% to 1% by weight of the total composition.
In addition, according to the composition of the invention contains further hair conditioner.
For the hair-conditioning polymer is usually present in the ingredients used in the invention based on the amount of about 0.25 to 15% or so, in particular 0.5% to about 10% of the best of about 0.75 to 7.5 percent of the weight, referring to the total group Cheng. These, for example, cationic surfactant, in particular quaternary ammonium compounds.
Suitable for long-chain quaternary ammonium compounds can be used alone or mixed, for example, cetyltrimethylammonium chloride, ammonium chloride dicetyl II, Cetyltrimethyl ammonium chloride Shiba San, the stearin Chloride, Tetradecyl chloride ammonium chloride, ammonium chloride resin dihydrogenated II, dodecyl chloride, pyridine, alkyl chloride, behenyl the top three Ammonium chloride, dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride, three (oligooxyethyl) alkyl ammonium phosphate, chloride and so on CPB
Quaternary ammonium salt is suitable for disclosure in the EP - A 472 107.
Basically, quaternary ammonium compounds are suitable as a generic name "Quaternium" effective version of the CTFA's International Dictionary of Cosmetic ingredients.
They are the best ratio from 0.5% to 10%, in particular, about 1%, 7.5% by weight of the total composition.
In particular, suitable for long-chain ammonium compounds esterquats is the general formula (I) # # # # STR1
In which R1 and R2-selective position to replace the C8 - C22 - alkyl or alkenyl group, R3 and R4 that the C1 - C3-alkyl or a group - methyl - methyl - O-[13,224] Chinese And the x, y and z on behalf of the 0-5 and Y - that anion.
I like complex formula within the scope of the invention is a group, R1 and R2 each station or group of 12 oil - C18 analysis of the alkyl group, the group claims R3 and R4 methyl group is a methyl group - Methyl - O-[13224] ž - H standard.
Y anion-halide is the best, such as chlorine or bromine, lower alkyl sulfate, for example, methosulfate and ethosulfate, or alkyl phosphate, but of course it can also use other groups.
These compounds are known to itself, and in the market, for example, under the trade name "Schercoquat ®", "Dehyquart ® F30" and "Tetranyl ®".
The use of these compounds, so-called "esterquats", in hair care ingredients are known and described in itself, for example, in a fertile 93/107 48, 92/068 Wo-Wo 99 and a 166 per 94 77, but no mention is made in accordance with the invention and the combination of a favorable nature.
Amidoquats also for the general formula STR2 # # # #
R1 and R2 each of which stands for selective-to replace the C8 - C22 - alkyl or alkenyl group, R3 and R4 that the C1 - C3-alkyl or a group - methyl - methyl - O-[13224 ] × - H technology, on behalf of the x and 0-5, and Y - that anion
Group recommended R1 and R2 is 12 - C18 - alkyl and oil group, the group is a methyl group of R3 and R4 is a group - methyl - oxygen-[13224] × - H technology, which is x 0 to 3; Y-is the best method of sulfuric acid, diethyl sulfate, chloride, or phosphate anion.
These compounds, known as itself and the market, for example, under the trade name "INCROQUAT ® members" or "contact network."
Also suitable for hair conditioning synthetic material or natural hair conditioning polymers, the best level from 0.1% to 10%, in particular, is 0.25% to 5% of the weight of the total composition.
In particular, is the preferred cation (the company) polymer CTFA know the name of "Polyquaternium", but it may also be nonionic, anionic and / or gender polymers, for example, those types of "Amphomer ®" alone or in mixed . Additional hair-conditioning is a fat-soluble substance, that is oily and fatty substances, including wax. These are especially natural oils, such as avocado oil, coconut oil, palm oil, sesame oil, peanut oil, whale oil, sunflower oil, almond oil, peach kernel oil, wheat germ oil, macadamia nut oil, evening primrose oil in the evening, Jojoba oil, castor oil, or olive oil, soybean oil, and lanolin derivatives, as well as mineral oil such as paraffin oil and vaseline
Synthetic oil and wax, for example, organic silicone oil, polyethylenegycols such as the right to further hydrophobic components particularly fatty alcohol, especially those about 8-22 carbon atoms in the molecule, such as fourteen, sixteen, eighteen alcohol, wax Fatty alcohols and esters, such as isopropyl alcohol, palmitic acid, stearic acid and isostearate, oleic acid oil, isocetyl stearic acid, lauric acid ester has been, dibutyl adipate, adipic acid Sim, 14 cardamom, oil erucate, polyethylene glycol and polyglyceryl fatty acid ester, such as polyethylene glycol - 7 - glycerol cocoate, such as cetyl palmitate
In accordance with the use of the composition of the invention, the hydrophobic is the best part of the total amount from about 0.5 to 15 percent or so, in particular, about 1-10 percent, especially about 1.5% to 7.5% by weight To the total composition.
A special favorite part of the invention is based on the composition of green tea extract.
This tea extract from the leaves, stem and leaf buds of tender tea bush, Camellia sinensis, or tea, water or alcohol extract water and then spray drying.
In a different black tea, green tea is a non-fermented products from the al-Assam tea or species.
An overview of biological and pharmacological effects of green tea and ingredients can be found, for example, in a by A. Pistorius, "Seifen - Ole - Feith, Wachse Journal", vol 122. ,第一千九百九十六分之七, pages 468-471, of which referred to.
Green tea extract the contents of the variable component is based on the invention. It is the best range from 0.01% to 10%, preferably 0.05% to 5%, especially 0.25 percent, and 22.5 percent by weight of the total composition and full of powder extracts.
Also suitable for hair conditioning additives ceramide of the general formula STR3 # # # #
R1 and R2 in which the same or different or alkyl-based group from 10 to 22 carbon atoms, R3 is hydrogen or methyl, ethyl, n-propyl or isopropyl group, R4 is hydrogen, a hydroxymethyl Base, OH, or dihydroxyethyl dihydroxypropyl group, n is a number from 1-6, in particular the types of disclosure of EP 227 994 A1 and a fertile 96/37 462, but other ceramide, for example, the disclosure of a fertile 97/15724 or EP 647 617 B1 are also suitable.
R1 and R2 preferred group is 12 - C18 analysis of the alkyl group; n is a number from 1 to 3, R3 of the best hydrogen or methyl group, and R4 is a hydrogen or dihydroxypropyl group.
In particular, is the first choice of compounds, of which R1 is a 12, C24 car - alkyl group, in particular, C13H27 - alkyl group, R2 is a C14C18 - alkyl group, in particular, C16H33 - alkyl group, R3 is a Based group, R4 is a # # STR4 # #
Group, n is 3 o'clock, or a compound in which R1 is C15, C31 - alkyl group, R2 idea C16H33 - alkyl group, R3 and R4 each station n behalf of the hydrogen atom and 2.
Less than the amount included in the composition of the hair treatment based on the use of the invention of an effective range from 0.01% to 10%, preferably from about 0.05 to 7.5 percent, especially from about 0.1% to 5% weight, to calculate the total group Cheng.
Additional hair conditioner is suitable for water-insoluble vitamins and derivatives, for example, vitamin E and esters, such as vitamin E acetate, propionate, such as palm
In addition the type and quantity of additives, which depends on the application form, is a fat, fatty alcohols, emulsifying agent, pH value, regulants, solvents and refiner, solubilizers, preservatives, spices, etc.
According to the composition of the invention can also contain surfactants.
Useful, as surfactants in particular non-ionic.
In particular, is the first choice of nonionic surfactant is a well-known C8 - C18 analysis of the APG, in particular, the degree of polymerization of 1.2 to 3, especially those in general formula
R is an alkyl of which 8 to 18 carbon atoms, R1 is an ethylene or propylene group is a group of sugar from 5 to 6 carbon atoms, n is a number from 0 to 10, x is between 1 and 2.5, the amount of from 1% to 10%, in particular 2.5% to 7.5% by weight of the total composition.
In addition, other useful nonionic surfactant, for example, a variety of sorbitan esters, such as polyethylene glycol sorbitan stearate, polyethylene glycol fatty acid ester or mixed condensate also ethyleneoxide and propyleneoxide, Because they are in the market, for example, under the trade name of "PluronicsR".
In particular, is suitable for surfactant is a gender and / or gender-ion surfactant amount of about 0.5 to 15 percent or so, preferably about 1%, 5%, by weight, of the total composition.
Useful, particularly because it is known betaines in a variety of fatty acids, such as amidoalkyl betaines and sulfobetaines; such as alkyl-sulfobetaine; alkyl long chain of amino acids, such as cocoaminoacetate, cocoaminopropionate and cocoamphopropionate sodium acetate and has been confirmed fit.
Details can be betaines structure STR5 # # # #
R is one of C8 - C18 analysis of the alkyl group and n is 1-3
sulfobetaines structure STR6 # # # #
N-alkyl betaines of the general formula STR7 # # # #
R is one of C8 - C18 analysis of the alkyl group and n is 1-3.
In addition to these substances in particular to improve the protection and regulation of product performance.
In addition, or in designated gender or gender-ionic surfactant, hair-conditioning components may contain at least one of the twelve, C18 analysis of alkyl dimethyl amidopropyl or second and third, for example, stearin, oil or dimethyl-propyl cocoamido Amines.
In which the proportion of from 0.1% to 10%, the best is 0.25% to 5% of the weight of the total composition.
Another choice for the part of the composition of the invention based on plant extracts about the amount of 0.01%, 10%, preferably 0.05 to 7.5%, in particular 0.1% to 5% weight to the calculation of dry Jardine In this component of the total.
Appropriate water (such as steam distilled) water or alcohol alcoholic extracts of plants known to itself, especially the leaf extract, fruit, flowers, roots, stems and rinds or aloe, pineapple, artichoke, gold car, avocado, valerian , Bamboo, Hyoscyamus niger, the white birch, stinging nettles, echinacea, ivy, wild angelica, gentian, ferns, pine needles, silver grass, ginseng, broom, oats, fruit rose, Hamamelis, Hay flowers, elder, jumping, coltsfoot, raisins, chamomile, carrots, chestnuts, clover, burr root, coconut, cornflower, lime flowers, lily of the valley, marine algae, lipstick, mistletoe, passion fruit, ratanhia, marigold, rosemary, chestnut, pink hawthorn, sage, the cauda equina, yarrow, evening primrose, nettle, thyme, walnuts, wine leaves, white hawthorn, and other appropriate trade Products such as "Extrapon ®" products, "HerbasolR", "SedaplantR" and "HexaplantR". Extracts and preparations also "Hagers manual pharmazeutischen practice", 4.
Hair treatment based on the use of components of the invention is the best water or water-alcoholic solution, water emulsion, microemulsion, scattered or non-transparent or translucent gel that can be used as aerosol packaging products. This composition and preparation of the people is known, does not need further explanation.
In the pH value of the ingredients used in accordance with the invention is not important, it can be the best between about 3 and 8; in particular between 4 and 6.5.
Viscosity is also in the general scope and nature is dependent on the composition of the relevant application forms.
The following examples illustrate the invention:
Example 1
A "sham" treatment of the composition of the preparation are as follows:
Stearyl alcohol 16 2.5 (% of the weight.) Isopropyl cardamom 0.2 Stearamidopropyl dimethyl 0.6-diphenyl-imidazole - 5 - acid 0.3 spices 0.1 lactate 0.3 green tea extract 0.5 preservatives 0.3 Mica/Ti02-Pigment ( Timiron ® Diamond Cluster 0.5; the average size: 90% of 20-150 microns) pH value: 4.5 ~ 100.0 water ad
The following is a blind trial carried out minor damage to the hair:
Wash your hair after the shampoo habit, according to a an example of the above, the massage is divided into 5 shares of wet hair.
The fifth is to further treatment chain in the same manner as with the composition 1A, the same as the composition 1, but does not contain pigment particles.
Barber evaluation of each of the two bundles of hair before and after drying according to preference.
Preferred outcome of the composition of a component of a section 1A) of wet hair 4 the feeling of hair (silky, soft, smooth) 1 (soft, slippery) wet combing 5 (very good) 0 (good) b) dry hair volume, The text on April 1, held its 4 day 4 1 luster human stem carding 5 (very good) 0 (good) 5 texture (silky, soft, smooth 0 (more difficult, both ends of the rough) from the grass-roots level to the end)
The results show that surprising based on the superiority of the composition of the invention.
The paper seems to be divided more deeply, chain has been exposed to ultraviolet radiation of 24 hours.
Example 2
1.2 - 2.00 propylene glycol (% of the weight.) Carbomer ® ETD 2020 (acrylic / 0.50 C10, C20 - alkyl acrylate crosspolymer) Cocoamidopropyl betaine 1.00 ethanol 17.50 polyether 9 0.70 PEG - 60 hydrogenated castor oil 0.50 sodium hydroxide (32%) 0.25 spices 0.10 PEG -25 acid 0.80 almond oil 2.00 Mica/TiO2-pigment (Timiron ® Diamond Cluster 0.60; 90%, with an average size from 20 To 150 microns) water ad 100.0 pH value: 6.0 ~
Similar products that improve the performance of hair products is in accordance with an example.
Example 3
A gel form of composition is as follows:
Tocopheryl acetate 0.5 (% of the weight.) Mica/TiO2-pigment (Timiron ® Gleamer scales; 0.5 average size: 90% of 20-100 microns) Carbomer ® ETD 2001 year (carbomer) 0.5 ethanol 11.0 Vinylpyrrolidone / vinyl acetate copolymer 5.5 (Luviskol ® Virginia 551) Alaninol 0.4 Cocoamidopropyl betaine 1.0 PEG - 60 hydrogenated castor oil 0.4 green tea extract 0.4 spices 0.3 benzophenone - 4 0.3 preservatives 0.3 pH value: 6.8 ~ 100.0 water ad
Lead to an excellent hair conditioning and the protection of the impact of very light massage, fresh washing hair.
Example 4
Aleutian treatment:
Cetearyl alcohol 3.00 isopropyl palmitate 0.20 sphingolipids é 0.10 Quaternium - 80 0.10 Mica/TiO2-pigment (Timiron ® Diamond Cluster; 0.15 average size: 20 and 150 microns) green tea extract 0.05 benzophenone - 4 0.10 Cocoamidopropyl dimethyl amine 0.60 lactic acid 0.35 preservative 0.45 perfume oil 0.20 Ceteareth - 20 0.40 water ad 100.00
Application on half of the hair shampooed test 8 under in the first half.
The same component (4A), in which, however, cocoamidopropyl dimethyl amine and benzophenone - 4, replaced by water, is to massage the other half of the hair.
After 10 minutes, while dealing with the hair for two experienced barber, that is, both the barber shop, and no one knows the test hair and a half has completed the processing of products (double-blind).
The results show the following:
No. 4 composition 4 equal better performance and better wet hair combed 5 2 1 body, 6 1 1 soft, dry hair comb 6 1 1 institutions 6 1 1 soft 5 2 1 Volume 5 2 1 gloss 5 2 1